Sweden’s architecture encompasses a significant cultural phenomenon in the Scandinavian region. Sweden’s distinct culture and geography led to unique design styles and characteristic elements. The major cultural and regional developments have had an impact on the design of structures.
Medieval Times
Just like other forms of design, Swedish architecture started out focusing on pure functionality. Design elements like building elements, materials, and forms were determined by climate, practical requirements, space functionality, and resource availability. In the early times, most buildings were of the religious typology but also included forts and palaces. Because of the spread of European art movements, both rural and urban structures were made in timber, then brick and stone. Such buildings had a characteristic simple formwork reflecting symmetry and order. Slowly by slowly, they incorporated Nordic animal ornamentation.
(Foto cred ovan: Artipelag)
The Genesis of a Modern Era
With the passing years, ornamentation started looking impractical. For this reason, Swedish architecture shifted towards a more basic and functional design. This period was started by the Nordic classicism movement, the Swedish Grace, which drew its inspiration from neoclassicism and vernacular styles. This design theory looked at more than aesthetics. It focused on functionality while incorporating these ideals through town planning and urbanization. The ideology brought about topics such as increased public spaces and affordable housing, resulting in major social and political waves.
The whole modern era witnessed an incline to stripped and geometrical designs with attention to formwork and structure instead of embellishments. Why? These volumes and shapes expressed artistic values.
The post-war period brought a surge in the Swedish population and widespread urbanization. As a result, there was an increase in the demand for improved living conditions, especially for the less fortunate. Thus, this became the center of focus in design. In addition, the economic and industrial boom in the region necessitated a change in the urban planning system to cater for multifamily apartments, functionally arranged cities, and new roads to boost the people’s living standards.
Swedish Architecture Today
In the present day, Sweden has formulated its own style of architecture based on its aesthetics and local functional requirements. A common Swedish design philosophy–the Scandinavian style of design–achieves a simplistic and minimalistic design using natural light, neutral colors, and clear lines. It aims at offering practical solutions to local limitations while combining interiors with the natural surrounding using natural materials like wood.
The focal points of design for Swedish architects today are high-tech, neo-functionalism, minimalism, expressionism, and ecological design. They go over and above to ensure that functionality and user comfort are the constant themes associated to design.
Hälleskogsbrännan. Foto: Jason Strong.
Trends in Swedish Architecture to Be Witnessed in 2023
Design is a constant reflection of the prevailing times. So, after a year of unexpected challenges, this next year’s designs will embrace materials, colors, and styles that give a security and comfort vibe.
Here are some of the trends likely to shape the future of architecture in Sweden and most parts of the world.
Materials
Materials that have been the highlight of this year include concrete elements, brass, and light woods. Light-colored wood is a Scandinavian classic. However, do not expect to see it only on flooring. This next year will usher in a trend of wood elements on ceilings and walls. Concrete still remains the perfect companion for this wood.
Besides being stylish, concrete is sustainable. With an imminent climate crisis, Sweden is focusing on using sustainable materials. To increase sustainability, recycling concrete from old projects is recommended.
For a contrasting material, the copper era has ended, and in comes brass. Brass is the same as gold, just that it is more muted. As a result, the popularity of brass showerheads, faucets, and hardware is continually rising. This is because the color of the metal pairs excellently with other materials and gives your space a warm glow.
Vertical Building
Going vertical isn’t about preferring gigantism over other architectural approaches. Instead, it is a way to utilize readily available resources and space efficiently. As a result, this design will be perfect for multi-floor buildings and offices meant to host many individuals.
Minimalism and Simplicity
The architecture of the future idolizes rational use and functionality. The minimalist agenda, characterized by geometry, clean lines, open spaces, and monochromatic palettes, is a perfect fit. Simplicity in material choice and detailing when developing a house template is a trend that will continue to be witnessed.
Containerhuset. Foto: Staffan Andersson.
Multipurpose Spaces
All-inclusive spaces are slowly gaining popularity among people. For example, you could combine a living room with a kitchen and working space. The idea here is to fully utilize the available space and select multifunctional furniture such as fold-down tables, under-bed storage shelves, etc.
Smart Homes
Technology serves to improve the comfort of your home. One of the reasons behind having a smart house is to attain a living space that aligns with your needs. Smart homes allow occupants to regulate temperature, lighting, energy consumption, windows, appliances, etc. while saving o energy costs.
Multi-Generational Living
While modern times push people to live in cities, the prices of real estate in these cities are high, so not everyone can afford a place to live. This is where multi-generational living enters the equation. A household with at least two generations can coexist peacefully in such establishments. You may think this is not a wise move since the inhabitants occupy less space than if they constructed separate houses. However, if you look at it from a different perspective, you’ll realize just how beneficial this housing solution is. For instance, it helps strengthen family bonds and reduces financial expenses. Other features of multi-generational establishments include advanced security and constant assistance.
Modular Buildings
Whether permanent or temporary, modular buildings are a worthy representative of architectural trends. Off-site construction has several benefits. One, the manufacturing process is not affected by the weather. Two, it generates less waste. Lastly, it is more cost-friendly compared to the other options. Besides their durability, modular buildings are flexible and environmental-friendly.
How Does the Rest of the World See Swedish Architecture?
Most people are in awe of Swedish minimalist designs with their airy rooms and color pops to bring warmth to spaces. But what exactly sets Swedish architecture apart from the rest?
The crucial elements of Swedish design are functionality, simplicity, and accessibility. These elements are responsible for the contemporary neutral look prevalent in most modern buildings in Sweden.
What Are the Top Architectural Must-Sees in Sweden?
When it comes to Sweden’s architectural sites, there is a long list to explore. Here are some of them:
- Artipelag, Stockholm: The work of Architect Johan Nyren, the museum lies on a 32,000 square feet area and is surrounded by 54 acres.
- Treehotel, Swedish Lapland: This ‘birds nest’ consists of rooms suspended 4 to 6 meters above the ground with a view of the Lule river valley.
- Woodland Cemetery, Stockholm: The Woodland Cemetery is the place to go if you want to explore religious architecture.
- ArkDes, Stockholm: This is a study center, museum, and arena for debate. ArkDes also organizes conferences and seminars centering on themes like the city’s future. Its heritage dates back to the ’50s.
- The sauna in Frihanmen, Gothenburg: Created by German architect Raumlabor Berlin, this establishment features a rusty steel exterior formed from recycled materials.